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What Is An Internal Coolant Drill Bits

Author: Site Editor     Publish Time: 2025-08-22      Origin: Site

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What Is An Internal Coolant Drill Bits























Internal Coolant Drill Bits

Internal coolant drill bits are highly efficient cutting tools widely used in drilling operations. Their core feature is the ability to deliver cutting fluid directly to the cutting zone (the contact area between the tool and the workpiece) through internal cooling channels, enabling precise cooling and lubrication, thus significantly improving machining efficiency and tool life.


Core Structure and Working Principle of Internal Coolant Drill Bits

Structural Features

The main body of an internal coolant drill bit is usually made of wear-resistant materials such as high-speed steel or cemented carbide. The key difference from ordinary drill bits is the design of 1-2 (or even more) cooling channels inside. One end of these channels is connected to the machine tool's cutting fluid supply system, and the other end has outlets near the drill's cutting edges (typically located near the flutes at the drill head).
Working Principle
During drilling, cutting fluid is directly sprayed to the cutting zone (where the cutting edge contacts the workpiece) through the internal channels of the drill bit. This quickly removes the heat generated during cutting, while lubricating the contact surfaces between the cutting edge, the workpiece, and the chips, reducing friction and wear. In addition, the cutting fluid helps in chip evacuation by flushing chips out of the hole, preventing chip clogging or scratches on the machined surface.


Advantages of Internal Coolant Drill Bits

Compared to traditional external cooling drill bits (where cutting fluid is sprayed from the outside and hardly reaches the cutting zone accurately), internal coolant drill bits have the following significant advantages:


Higher Cooling Efficiency: The cutting fluid acts directly on the core of the heat source (the cutting edge), with a heat dissipation effect that is over 50% better than external cooling. This effectively prevents tool wear and softening due to high temperatures.

Better Lubrication Effect: Precise lubrication reduces friction between the cutting edge and the workpiece, extending tool life (usually by 30%-100%) while reducing the surface roughness of the workpiece.

Smoother Chip Evacuation:The high-pressure cutting fluid, combined with the flute design, can quickly expel chips from the hole. This is especially suitable for deep hole machining (e.g., when the hole depth exceeds 5 times the diameter), reducing problems such as tool jamming and hole wall scratches caused by poor chip evacuation.

Wider Application Range: It can be used for drilling difficult-to-machine materials such as high-strength steel, stainless steel, and titanium alloys, and can also meet the requirements of high-speed, high-precision drilling (e.g., in the machining of automobile engine blocks and aerospace parts).


Application Scenarios of Internal Coolant Drill Bits

Internal coolant drill bits are mainly used in machining scenarios with high requirements for cooling, lubrication, and chip evacuation. Typical applications include:


Deep Hole Machining: Such as deep holes in molds and hydraulic valve blocks (with a depth-to-diameter ratio >5), which rely on the internal cooling system for chip evacuation and temperature reduction.

Difficult-to-Machine Materials: When machining stainless steel, high-temperature alloys, high-strength steel, etc., high temperatures easily cause tool wear, and internal cooling can effectively alleviate this problem.

High-Speed Drilling: When used on high-speed machine tools (rotational speed >3000rpm), internal cooling can prevent damage to tools or workpieces due to a sudden increase in frictional heat.

Precision Part Machining: Such as aerospace parts and medical devices, which require strict control of surface quality and dimensional accuracy. Internal cooling can reduce machining errors.


Usage Notes

Cutting Fluid Pressure: Internal coolant drill bits need to be matched with a high-pressure cutting fluid system (usually with a pressure ≥5MPa). Low pressure may result in poor cooling and chip evacuation effects.

Channel Cleaning:The internal channels need to be cleaned regularly after long-term use to avoid blockage of the outlets by impurities in the cutting fluid, which affects performance.

Matching Machine Tools: It is necessary to ensure that the machine tool has an internal cooling cutting fluid supply function; otherwise, the advantages of the internal coolant drill bit cannot be realized.


In conclusion, through the design of "precise cooling + efficient lubrication + auxiliary chip evacuation", internal coolant drill bits have become key tools for improving efficiency and quality in modern precision machining, and their performance in complex working conditions is far superior to that of traditional drill bits.


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